without compulsion

ăn, conj. [etym. very obscure; v. the various views adduced in Hand, I. p. 296, with which he seems dissatisfied; if it is connected with the Sanscr. anjas, = Germ. ander, = Engl. other, we may comp. the Engl. other and or with the Germ. oder, = or]. It introduces the second part of a disjunctive interrogation, or a phrase implying doubt, and thus unites in itself the signif. of aut and num or -ne, or, or whether (hence the clause with an is entirely parallel with that introduced by num, utrum, -ne, etc., while aut forms only a subdivision in the single disjunctive clause; utrum... aut—an... aut, whether... or, etc.; cf. Ochsn. Eclog. p. 150; v. also aut).

In disjunctive interrogations.

Direct.

Introd. by utrum (in Engl. the introd. particle whether is now obsolete, and the interrogation is denoted simply by the order of the words):

Utrum hac me feriam an ab laevā latus?

Plaut. Cist. 3, 10:

sed utrum tu amicis hodie an inimicis tuis Daturu's cenam?

id. Ps. 3, 2, 88; id. Pers. 3, 1, 13; id. Trin. 1, 2, 138; id. Cas. 2, 4, 11:

Utrum sit annon voltis?

id. Am. prol. 56:

quid facies? Utrum hoc tantum crimen praetermittes an obicies?

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 30 sq.:

in plebem vero Romanam utrum superbiam prius commemorem an crudelitatem?

id. Verr. 1, 122; id. Deiot. 23; id. Fam. 7, 13:

Utrum enim defenditis an impugnatis plebem?

Liv. 5, 3. —And with an twice:

Utrum hoc signum cupiditatis tuae an tropaeum necessitudinis atque hospitii an amoris indicium esse voluisti?

Cic. Verr. 2, 115; id. Imp. Pomp. 57 sq.; id. Rab. 21.—With an three times:

Utrum res ab initio ita ducta est, an ad extremum ita perducta, an ita parva est pecunia, an is (homo) Verres, ut haec quae dixi, gratis facta esse videantur?

Cic. Verr. 2, 61; 3, 83; id. Clu. 183; Liv. 21, 10; and seven times in Cic. Dom. 56-58.—With -ne pleon. (not to be confounded with cases where utrum precedes as pron.; as Cic. Tusc. 4, 4, 9):

sed utrum tu masne an femina es, qui illum patrem voces?

Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 16; id. Bacch. 1, 1, 42; id. Stich. 5, 4, 26:

Utrum studione id sibi habet an laudi putat Fore, si etc.,

Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 28:

Utrum igitur tandem perspicuisne dubia aperiuntur an dubiis perspicua tolluntur?

Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 67.—And affixed to utrum, but rarely:

Utrumne jussi persequemur otium... an hunc laborem etc.,

Hor. Epod. 1, 7; Plin. 17, 1, 1, § 4; Quint. 12, 1, 40.—

Introduced by -ne:

quid fit? seditio tabetne an numeros augificat suos?

Enn. Trag. Rel. p. 23 Rib.:

servos esne an liber?

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 186:

idne agebas, ut tibi cum sceleratis an ut cum bonis civibus conveniret?

Cic. Lig. 18; 23:

custosne urbis an direptor et vexator esset Antonius?

id. Phil. 3, 27; id. Mur. 88; id. Sull. 22.—

So with an twice,

Cic. Cat. 1, 28; id. Att. 16, 8;

and five times,

id. Balb. 9.—

Introduced by nonne:

Nonne ad servos videtis rem publicam venturam fuisse? An mihi ipsi fuit mors aequo animo oppetenda?

Cic. Sest. 47; id. Sex. Rosc. 43 sq.; id. Dom. 26; 127.—So with an twice, Cic. Phil. 11, 36.—

Introduced by num:

si quis invidiae metus, num est vehementius severitatis invidia quam inertiae pertimescenda?

Cic. Cat. 1, 29; id. Mur. 76; id. Sest. 80:

Num quid duas habetis patrias an est illa patria communis?

id. Leg. 2, 2.—

Without introductory particle:

quid igitur? haec vera an falsa sunt?

Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 95:

quid enim exspectas? bellum an tabulas novas?

id. Cat. 2, 18:

ipse percussit an aliis occidendum dedit?

id. Sex. Rosc. 74; id. Verr. 2, 106; id. Imp. Pomp. 53; id. Phil. 2, 27:

eloquar an sileam?

Verg. A. 3, 37:

auditis an me ludit amabilis Insania?

Hor. C. 3, 4, 5.—So an twice, Cic. Mil. 54;

three times,

Plin. Ep. 2, 8;

and six times,

Cic. Rab. 14; id. Pis. 40.—

Indirect.

Introduced by utrum:

quid tu, malum, curas, Utrum crudum an coctum edim?

Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 16; id. Cist. 4, 2, 11; id. Bacch. 3, 4, 1; id. Mil. 2, 3, 74:

quaero, si quis... utrum is clemens an inhumanissimus esse videatur,

Cic. Cat. 4, 12:

agitur, utrum M. Antonio facultas detur an horum ei facere nihil liceat,

id. Phil. 5, 6; id. Sex. Rosc. 72; id. Imp. Pomp. 42; id. Verr. 1, 105.

aut for an: Loquimini de me utrum bovem cujusquam tulerim aut asinum, 1 Reg. 12, 3.—And with -ne pleon.:

res in discrimine versatur, utrum possitne se contra luxuriem parsimonia defendere an deformata cupiditati addicatur,

Cic. Quinct. 92:

numquamne intelleges statuendum tibi esse, utrum illi, qui istam rem gesserunt, homicidaene sint an vindices libertatis?

id. Phil. 2, 30.—

Introduced by -ne:

Fortunāne an forte repertus,

Att. Trag. Rel. p. 159 Rib. agitur autem liberine vivamus an mortem obeamus, Cic. Phil. 11, 24; id. Verr. 4, 73; id. Mil. 16:

nunc vero non id agitur, bonisne an malis moribus vivamus etc.,

Sall. C. 52, 10.—So with an three times, Cic. Or. 61.—

Introduced by an:

haud scio an malim te videri... an amicos tuos plus habuisse,

Cic. Pis. 39.—

Without introd. particle:

... vivam an moriar, nulla in me est metus,

Enn. Trag. Rel. p. 72 Rib.:

vivat an mortuus sit, quis aut scit aut curat?

Cic. Phil. 13, 33; 3, 18; id. Sex. Rosc. 88; id. Red. in Sen. 14.—

Sometimes the opinion of the speaker or the probability inclines to the second interrogative clause (cf. infra, II. E.). and this is made emphatic, as a corrective of the former, or rather, or on the contrary:

ea quae dixi ad corpusne refers? an est aliquid, quod te suā sponte delectet?

Cic. Fin. 2, 33, 107:

Cur sic agere voluistis? An ignoratis quod etc.,

Vulg. Gen. 44, 15.—Hence, in the comic poets, an potius:

cum animo depugnat suo, Utrum itane esse mavelit ut... An ita potius ut etc.,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 31: id. Stich. 1, 2, 18; id. Trin. 2, 2, 25:

an id flagitium est, An potius hoc patri aequomst fieri, ut a me ludatur dolis?

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 94.—

The first part of the interrogation is freq. not expressed, but is to be supplied from the context; in this case, an begins the interrog., or, or rather, or indeed, or perhaps (but it does not begin an absolute, i. e. not disjunctive, interrog.): De. Credam ego istuc, si esse te hilarem videro. Ar. An tu esse me tristem putas? (where nonne me hilarem esse vides? is implied), Plaut. As. 5, 1, 10: Ch. Sed Thaïs multon ante venit? Py. An abiit jam a milite? Ter. Eun. 4, 5, 7:

An ego Ulixem obliscar umquam?

Att. Trag. Rel. p. 199 Rib.:

An parum vobis est quod peccatis?

Vulg. Josh. 22, 17:

est igitur aliquid, quod perturbata mens melius possit facere quam constans? an quisquam potest sine perturbatione mentis irasci?

Cic. Tusc. 4, 24, 54; cf. id. Clu. 22; id. Off. 3, 29: Debes hoc etiam rescribere, sit tibi curae Quantae conveniat Munatius; an male sarta Gratia nequiquam coit...? or is perhaps, etc., Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 31 K. and H. —So esp. in Cic., in order to make the truth of an assertion more certain, by an argumentum a minore ad majus:

cur (philosophus) pecuniam magno opere desideret vel potius curet omnino? an Scythes Anacharsis potuit pro nihilo pecuniam ducere, nostrates philosophi non potuerunt?

Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 89 sq.:

An vero P. Scipio T. Gracchum privatus interfecit, Catilinam vero nos consules perferemus?

id. Cat. 1, 1; so id. Rab. Perd. 5; id. Phil. 14, 5, 12 Muret.; id. Fin. 1, 2, 5, ubi v. Madv.—It sometimes introduces a question suggested by the words of another: He. Mane. Non dum audisti, Demea, Quod est gravissimum? De. An quid est etiam anplius? Is there then etc., Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 21:

sed ad haec, nisi molestum est, habeo quae velim. An me, inquam, nisi te audire vellem censes haec dicturum fuisse?

Cic. Fin. 1, 8, 28; 2, 22, 74; id. Tusc. 5, 26, 73; 5, 12, 35; id. Brut. 184; id. Fat. 2, 4; v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 1, 8, 28.—It sometimes anticipates an answer to something going before: At vero si ad vitem sensus accesserit, ut appetitum quendam habeat et per se ipsa moveatur, quid facturam putas? An ea, quae per vinitorem antea consequebatur, per se ipsa curabit? shall we not say that, must we not think that etc., Cic. Fin. 5, 14, 38, ubi v. Madv.—

An non. and in one word, annon (in direct questions more freq. than necne):

isne est quem quaero an non?

Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 12:

Hocine agis an non?

id. And. 1, 2, 15:

Tibi ego dico an non?

id. ib. 4, 4, 23:

utrum sit an non voltis?

Plaut. Am. prol. 56:

utrum cetera nomina in codicem accepti et expensi digesta habes annon?

Cic. Rosc. Com. 3 al. —Also in indirect questions = necne, q. v.:

abi, vise redieritne jam an non dum domum,

Ter. Phorm. 3, 4, 5:

videbo utrum clamorem opere conpleverint, an non est ita,

Vulg. Gen. 18, 21; 24, 21.—

An ne, usually written anne, pleon. for an.

In direct questions:

anne tu dicis quā ex causā vindicaveris?

Cic. Mur. 26. —

In indirect questions:

nec. aequom anne iniquom imperet, cogitabit,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 19; id. Ps. 1, 1, 122:

percontarier, Utrum aurum reddat anne eat secum simul,

id. Bacch. 4, 1, 4:

Nam quid ego de consulato loquar, parto vis, anue gesto?

Cic. Pis. 1, 3:

cum interrogetur, tria pauca sint anne multa,

id. Ac. 2, 29:

Gabinio dicam anne Pompeio, an utrique,

id. Imp. Pomp. 19, 57; so id. Or. 61, 206:

Quid enim interest, divitias, opes, valetudinem bona dicas anne praeposita, cum etc.,

id. Fin. 4, 9, 23 Madv.; August. ap. Suet. Aug. 69 al. (for the omission of the second disjunctive clause or the particle necne representing it, v. utrum;

instances of this usage in eccl. Lat. are,

Vulg. Lev. 13, 36; 14, 36; ib. Num. 11, 23 al.).—

In disjunctive clauses that express doubt, or.

Utrum stultitiā facere ego hunc an malitiā Dicam, scientem an imprudentem, incertus sum. Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 54:

ut nescias, utrum res oratione an verba sententiis illustrentur,

Cic. de Or. 2, 13, 56:

honestumne factu sit an turpe, dubitant,

id. Off. 1, 3, 9:

nescio, gratulerne tibi an timeam,

id. Fam. 2, 5; Caes. B. G. 7, 5:

pecuniae an famae minus parceret, haud facile discerneres,

Sall. C. 25, 3; so id. ib. 52, 10; Suet. Aug. 19; id. Tib. 10; id. Claud. 15:

cognoscet de doctrinā, utrum ex Deo sit an ego a me ipso loquar,

Vulg. Joan. 7, 17; ib. Eccl. 2, 19 al.—

An sometimes denotes uncertainty by itself, without a verb of doubting (dubito, dubium or incertum est, etc., vet in such cases the editors are divided between an and aut; cf. Mos. and Orell. ad Cic. Rep. 1, 12): verene hoc memoriae proditum est [p. 115] regem istum Numam Pythagorae ipsius discipulum, an certe Pythagoreum fuisse? Cic. Rep. 2, 15, where B. and K. read aut certe: Cn. Octavius est an Cn. Cornelius quidam tuus familiaris, summo genere natus, terrae filius;

is etc.,

id. Fam. 7, 9 B. and K.:

Themistocles quidem, cum ei Simonides an quis alius artem memoriae polliceretur, Oblivionis, inquit, mallem,

Simonides or some other person, id. Fin. 2, 32, 104; id. Fam. 7, 9, 3; id. Att. 1, 3, 2; 2, 7, 3; v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 2, 32, 104.—

It often stands for sive (so esp. in and after the Aug. per.):

quod sit an non, nihil commovet analogiam,

whether this be so or not, Varr. L. L. 9, § 105 Müll.; Att. ap. Prisc. p. 677 P.; Ov. R. Am. 797:

saucius an sanus, numquid tua signa reliqui,

id. F. 4, 7:

Illa mihi referet, si nostri mutua curast, An minor, an toto pectore deciderim,

Tib. 3, 1, 20; Tac. A. 11, 26:

sive nullam opem praevidebat inermis atque exul, seu taedio ambiguae spei an amore conjugis et liberorum,

id. ib. 14, 59.—

The first disjunctive clause is freq. to be supplied from the gen. idea or an may stand for utrum—necne (cf. supra, I. D.):

qui scis, an, quae jubeam, sine vi faciat? (vine coactus is to be supplied),

how knowest thou whether or not he will do it without compulsion? Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 20:

An dolo malo factum sit, ambigitur,

Cic. Tull. 23:

quaesivi an misisset (periplasmata),

id. Verr. 4, 27:

Vide an facile fieri tu potueris, cum etc.,

id. Fragm. B. 13, 2, 1:

praebete aurem et videte an mentiar,

Vulg. Job, 6, 28: de L. Bruto fortasse dubitaverim an propter infinitum odium tyranni effrenatius in Aruntem invaserit, I might doubt whether or not, etc., Cic. Tusc. 4, 22, 50; id. Verr. 3, 76:

Quis scit an adiciant hodiernae crastina summae Tempora di superi?

Hor. C. 4, 7, 17; Plin. Ep. 6, 21, 3; Quint. 2, 17, 38:

Sine videamus an veniat Elias,

Vulg. Matt. 27, 49:

tria sine dubio rursus spectanda sunt, an sit, quid sit, quale sit,

Quint. 5, 10, 53:

dubium an quaesitā morte,

Tac. A. 1, 5; 6, 50; 4, 74:

Multitudo an vindicatura Bessum fuerit, incertum est,

Curt. 7, 5:

diu Lacedaemonii, an eum summae rei praeponerent, deliberaverunt,

Just. 6, 2, 4 et saep.—

Since in such distrib. sentences expressive of doubt, the opinion of the speaker or the probability usually inclines to the second, i. e. to the clause beginning with an, the expressions haud scio an, nescio an, dubito an (the latter through all pers. and tenses), incline to an affirmative signification, I almost know, I am inclined to think, I almost think, I might say, I might assert that, etc., for perhaps, probably (hence the opinion is incorrect that an, in this situation, stands for an non; for by an non a negation of the objective clause is expressed, e. g. nescio an non beatus sit, I am almost of the opinion that he is not happy, v. infra, and cf. Beier ad Cic. Off. 1, Exc. XI. p. 335 sq.; Cic. uses haud scio an eleven times in his Orations;

nescio an, four times): atque haud scio an, quae dixit sint vera omnia,

Ter. And. 3, 2, 45:

crudele gladiatorum spectaculum et inhumanum non nullis videri solet: et haud scio an ita sit, ut nunc fit,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 17, 41; id. Fl. 26:

testem non mediocrem, sed haud scio an gravissimum,

perhaps, id. Off. 3, 29:

constantiam dico? nescio an melius patientiam possim dicere,

id. Lig. 9; id. Fam. 9, 19:

ingens eo die res, ac nescio an maxima illo bello gesta sit,

Liv. 23, 16; Quint. 12, 11, 7 al.:

si per se virtus sine fortunā ponderanda sit, dubito an Thrasybulum primum omuium ponam,

I am not certain whether I should not prefer Thrasybulus to all others, Nep. Thras. 1 Dähne:

dicitur acinace stricto Darius dubitāsse an fugae dedecus honestā morte vitaret,

i. e. was almost resolved upon, Curt. 4, 5, 30:

ego dubito an id improprium potius appellem,

Quint. 1, 5, 46; Gell. 1, 3 al.—Hence, a neg. objective clause must contain in this connection the words non, nemo, nullus, nihil, numquam, nusquam, etc.:

dubitet an turpe non sit,

he is inclined to believe that it is not bad, Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50:

haud scio an ne opus quidem sit, nihil umquam deesse amicis,

id. Am. 14, 51:

eloquentiā quidem nescio an habuisset parem neminem,

id. Brut. 33: quod cum omnibus est faciendum tum haud scio an nemini potius quam tibi, to no one perhaps more, id. Off. 3, 2, 6:

meā sententiā haud scio an nulla beatior esse possit,

id. Sen. 16; id. Leg. 1, 21:

non saepe atque haud scio an numquam,

id. Or. 2, 7 al. —

Sometimes the distributive clause beginning with an designates directly the opposite, the more improbable, the negative; in which case nescio an, haud scio an, etc., like the Engl. I know not whether, signify I think that not, I believe that not, etc.; hence, in the object. clause, aliquis, quisquam, ullus, etc., must stand instead of nemo, nullus, etc. (so for the most part only after Cic.): an profecturus sim, nescio, I know not (i. e. I doubt, I am not confident) whether I shall effect any thing, Sen. Ep. 25:

opus nescio an superabile, magnum certe tractemus,

id. Q. N. 3, praef. 4; Caecil. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 6: haud scio an vivere nobis liceret, I know not whether we, etc., Cic. Har. Resp. 11, 22: doleo enim maximam feminam eripi oculis civitatis, nescio an aliquid simile visuris, for I know not whether they will ever see any thing of this kind, Plin. Ep. 7, 19; Val. Max. 5, 2, 9:

nescio an ullum tempus jucundius exegerim,

I do not know whether I have ever passed time more pleasantly, id. 3, 1:

namque huic uni contigit, quod nescio an ulli,

Nep. Timol. 1, 1; Sen. Contr. 3 praef.; Quint. 9, 4, 1:

nostri quoque soloecum, soloecismum nescio an umquam dixerint,

Gell. 5, 20 al. Cf. upon this word Hand, Turs. I. pp. 296-361, and Beier, Exc. ad Cic. Am. pp. 202-238.

an-, v. ambi.

- ăn. This word appears in forsan, forsitan, and fortasse an (Att. Trag. Rel. p. 151 Rib.) or fortassan, seeming to enhance the idea of uncertainty and doubt belonging to fors, etc., and is regarded by some as the Greek conditional particle an, and indeed one of these compounds, forsitan, sometimes in the Vulgate, translates an; as, Joan. 4, 10; 5, 46; 8, 19; and in 3, Joan. 9, it still represents the various reading, an.

immūnis ( inm- and archaic in-moenis), e, adj. [in-munus], free or exempt from a public service, burāen, or charge (class.; cf.: expers, exsors).

Lit.:

melius hi quam nos, qui piratas immunes, socios vectigales habemus,

Cic. Off. 3, 11, 49:

quid immunes? hi certe nihil debent,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 21, § 53:

sine foedere immunes civitates ac liberae,

id. ib. 2, 3, 6, § 13; id. Font. 4, 7:

immunis militiā,

Liv. 1, 43, 8:

Ilienses ab omni onere immunes praestitit,

Suet. Claud. 25:

qui agros immunes liberosque arant, i. e.,

free from taxes, tax-free, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 69, § 166; cf. id. Agr. 3, 2, 9:

duo milia jugerum Sexto Clodio rhetori assignasti, et quidem immunia,

Suet. Rhet. 5.—

With gen.:

immunes portoriorum,

Liv. 38, 14:

ceterorum immunes nisi propulsandi hostis,

Tac. A. 1, 36.—

Transf., beyond the polit. and milit. sphere, free or exempt from, that contributes or gives nothing (mostly poet.):

non cnim est inhumana virtus neque immunis neque superba,

inactive, Cic. Lael. 14, 50:

quem scis inmunem Cinarae placuisse rapaci,

who made no presents, without presents, Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 33; id. C. 4, 12, 23:

Enipeus,

Ov. M. 7, 229:

immunisque sedens aliena ad pabula fucus,

doing nothing, idle, Verg. G. 4, 244:

ipsa quoque immunis rastroque intacta,

without compulsion, free, Ov. M. 1, 101.—In a play on the word: Ly. Civi inmuni scin quid cantari solet?... Ph. Verum, gnate mi, is est inmunis, quoi nihil est qui munus fungatur suum, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 69; 73.—

With gen.:

bos curvi immunis aratri,

Ov. M. 3, 11:

immunes operum,

id. ib. 4, 5.—

Trop., not sharing or partaking in, free from, devoid of, without any thing ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose); constr. with gen., abl., with ab, or absol.

With gen.:

aspicit urbem Immunem tanti belli,

Verg. A. 12, 559:

tanti boni,

Ov. Tr. 4, 2, 62:

mali,

id. M. 8, 691:

necis,

exempt from, id. ib. 9, 253:

caedis manus,

free from, unstained with, id. H. 14, 8:

delictorum paternorum,

Vell. 2, 7:

aequoris Arctos,

not setting in, Ov. M. 13, 293 (an imitation of the Homeric ammoros loetrôn Ôkeanoio, Il. 18, 489); Ov. F. 4, 575.—

With abl.:

animum immunem esse tristitiā,

Sen. Ep. 85:

Cato omnibus humanis vitiis,

Vell. 2, 35, 2:

exercitum immunem tanta calamitate servavit,

id. 2, 120, 3.—

With ab:

immunis ab omnibus arbitris esse,

Vell. 2, 14 fin.:

dentes a dolore,

Plin. 32, 4, 14, § 37. —

Absol.:

immunis aram si tetigit manus,

stainless, pure, Hor. C. 3, 23, 17:

amicum castigare ob meritam noxiam, Inmoenest facinus,

a thankless office, Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 1; cf.: inmoene, improbum, culpandum, vel interdum munere liberatum, Gloss. Plac. p. 476.

immūnis ( inm- and archaic in-moenis), e, adj. [in-munus], free or exempt from a public service, burāen, or charge (class.; cf.: expers, exsors).

Lit.:

melius hi quam nos, qui piratas immunes, socios vectigales habemus,

Cic. Off. 3, 11, 49:

quid immunes? hi certe nihil debent,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 21, § 53:

sine foedere immunes civitates ac liberae,

id. ib. 2, 3, 6, § 13; id. Font. 4, 7:

immunis militiā,

Liv. 1, 43, 8:

Ilienses ab omni onere immunes praestitit,

Suet. Claud. 25:

qui agros immunes liberosque arant, i. e.,

free from taxes, tax-free, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 69, § 166; cf. id. Agr. 3, 2, 9:

duo milia jugerum Sexto Clodio rhetori assignasti, et quidem immunia,

Suet. Rhet. 5.—

With gen.:

immunes portoriorum,

Liv. 38, 14:

ceterorum immunes nisi propulsandi hostis,

Tac. A. 1, 36.—

Transf., beyond the polit. and milit. sphere, free or exempt from, that contributes or gives nothing (mostly poet.):

non cnim est inhumana virtus neque immunis neque superba,

inactive, Cic. Lael. 14, 50:

quem scis inmunem Cinarae placuisse rapaci,

who made no presents, without presents, Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 33; id. C. 4, 12, 23:

Enipeus,

Ov. M. 7, 229:

immunisque sedens aliena ad pabula fucus,

doing nothing, idle, Verg. G. 4, 244:

ipsa quoque immunis rastroque intacta,

without compulsion, free, Ov. M. 1, 101.—In a play on the word: Ly. Civi inmuni scin quid cantari solet?... Ph. Verum, gnate mi, is est inmunis, quoi nihil est qui munus fungatur suum, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 69; 73.—

With gen.:

bos curvi immunis aratri,

Ov. M. 3, 11:

immunes operum,

id. ib. 4, 5.—

Trop., not sharing or partaking in, free from, devoid of, without any thing ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose); constr. with gen., abl., with ab, or absol.

With gen.:

aspicit urbem Immunem tanti belli,

Verg. A. 12, 559:

tanti boni,

Ov. Tr. 4, 2, 62:

mali,

id. M. 8, 691:

necis,

exempt from, id. ib. 9, 253:

caedis manus,

free from, unstained with, id. H. 14, 8:

delictorum paternorum,

Vell. 2, 7:

aequoris Arctos,

not setting in, Ov. M. 13, 293 (an imitation of the Homeric ammoros loetrôn Ôkeanoio, Il. 18, 489); Ov. F. 4, 575.—

With abl.:

animum immunem esse tristitiā,

Sen. Ep. 85:

Cato omnibus humanis vitiis,

Vell. 2, 35, 2:

exercitum immunem tanta calamitate servavit,

id. 2, 120, 3.—

With ab:

immunis ab omnibus arbitris esse,

Vell. 2, 14 fin.:

dentes a dolore,

Plin. 32, 4, 14, § 37. —

Absol.:

immunis aram si tetigit manus,

stainless, pure, Hor. C. 3, 23, 17:

amicum castigare ob meritam noxiam, Inmoenest facinus,

a thankless office, Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 1; cf.: inmoene, improbum, culpandum, vel interdum munere liberatum, Gloss. Plac. p. 476.

immūnis ( inm- and archaic in-moenis), e, adj. [in-munus], free or exempt from a public service, burāen, or charge (class.; cf.: expers, exsors).

Lit.:

melius hi quam nos, qui piratas immunes, socios vectigales habemus,

Cic. Off. 3, 11, 49:

quid immunes? hi certe nihil debent,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 21, § 53:

sine foedere immunes civitates ac liberae,

id. ib. 2, 3, 6, § 13; id. Font. 4, 7:

immunis militiā,

Liv. 1, 43, 8:

Ilienses ab omni onere immunes praestitit,

Suet. Claud. 25:

qui agros immunes liberosque arant, i. e.,

free from taxes, tax-free, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 69, § 166; cf. id. Agr. 3, 2, 9:

duo milia jugerum Sexto Clodio rhetori assignasti, et quidem immunia,

Suet. Rhet. 5.—

With gen.:

immunes portoriorum,

Liv. 38, 14:

ceterorum immunes nisi propulsandi hostis,

Tac. A. 1, 36.—

Transf., beyond the polit. and milit. sphere, free or exempt from, that contributes or gives nothing (mostly poet.):

non cnim est inhumana virtus neque immunis neque superba,

inactive, Cic. Lael. 14, 50:

quem scis inmunem Cinarae placuisse rapaci,

who made no presents, without presents, Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 33; id. C. 4, 12, 23:

Enipeus,

Ov. M. 7, 229:

immunisque sedens aliena ad pabula fucus,

doing nothing, idle, Verg. G. 4, 244:

ipsa quoque immunis rastroque intacta,

without compulsion, free, Ov. M. 1, 101.—In a play on the word: Ly. Civi inmuni scin quid cantari solet?... Ph. Verum, gnate mi, is est inmunis, quoi nihil est qui munus fungatur suum, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 69; 73.—

With gen.:

bos curvi immunis aratri,

Ov. M. 3, 11:

immunes operum,

id. ib. 4, 5.—

Trop., not sharing or partaking in, free from, devoid of, without any thing ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose); constr. with gen., abl., with ab, or absol.

With gen.:

aspicit urbem Immunem tanti belli,

Verg. A. 12, 559:

tanti boni,

Ov. Tr. 4, 2, 62:

mali,

id. M. 8, 691:

necis,

exempt from, id. ib. 9, 253:

caedis manus,

free from, unstained with, id. H. 14, 8:

delictorum paternorum,

Vell. 2, 7:

aequoris Arctos,

not setting in, Ov. M. 13, 293 (an imitation of the Homeric ammoros loetrôn Ôkeanoio, Il. 18, 489); Ov. F. 4, 575.—

With abl.:

animum immunem esse tristitiā,

Sen. Ep. 85:

Cato omnibus humanis vitiis,

Vell. 2, 35, 2:

exercitum immunem tanta calamitate servavit,

id. 2, 120, 3.—

With ab:

immunis ab omnibus arbitris esse,

Vell. 2, 14 fin.:

dentes a dolore,

Plin. 32, 4, 14, § 37. —

Absol.:

immunis aram si tetigit manus,

stainless, pure, Hor. C. 3, 23, 17:

amicum castigare ob meritam noxiam, Inmoenest facinus,

a thankless office, Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 1; cf.: inmoene, improbum, culpandum, vel interdum munere liberatum, Gloss. Plac. p. 476.

ultrō̆, adv., to the farther side, beyond, on the other side.

Lit., so most usually in the connection ultro citroque, Cic. Rep. 6, 9, 9; id. Ac. 1, 7, 28; Caes. B. G. 1, 42; Liv. 3, 5, 11;

Auct. B. Hisp. 21: ultro et citro,

Cic. Off. 1, 17, 56; id. Lael. 22, 85; id. Rosc. Am. 22, 60:

ultro ac citro,

Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 16;

or, without a copula, ultro citro,

on this side and on that, this way and that, to and fro, on both sides, mutually, Cic. N. D. 2, 33, 84; Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 29; Suet. Calig. 19; App. M. 8, p. 211; v. citro; and cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 87 sqq.—

Transf.

Of distance, afar, away, off (so only in Plautus): Ty. Proin' tu ab istoc procul recedas. He. Ultro istum a me! Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 19 Brix ad loc.:

ultro istunc, qui exossat homines!

id. Am. 1, 1, 164:

ultro te amator apage te a dorso meo,

id. Cas. 2, 8, 23.—

To denote that which is or is done over and above something else, besides, moreover, too:

et mulier ut sit libera, atque ipse ultro det argentum,

Plaut. Pers. 2, 5, 26:

celavit suos cives ultroque eis sumptum intulit,

Cic. Fl. 19, 45:

cavendo, ne metuant homines, metuendos ultro se efficiunt,

Liv. 3, 65, 11:

Sex. Naevius, qui, cum ipse ultro deberet, cupidissime contenderet, etc.,

Cic. Quint. 23, 74; cf.:

non debui tibi pecuniam... ultro a me mutuatus es,

Quint. 5, 10, 107; 12, 8, 7 Spald. N. cr.:

his lacrimis vitam damus et miserescimus ultro,

Verg. A. 2, 145:

nunc ultro ad cineres ipsius Adsumus,

id. ib. 5, 55 Forbig. ad loc.:

ultro animos tollit dictis atque increpat ultro,

id. ib. 9, 127.—

Trop., superfluously, gratuitously, wantonly:

qui ita putant, Sibi fieri injuriam ultro si quam fecere ipsi expostules,

Ter. Ad. 4, 3, 4:

sibi ultro per contumelias hostem insultare,

Liv. 3, 62, 1.—

From beyond, from the other side, i. e. without influence or assistance from this side (cf. sponte, whose opposite is external compulsion or aid: ultro facio, non rogatus; sponte facio, non coactus neque adjutus; hence, ultro is esp. freq. with verbs of giving, offering, proposing, approaching, assailing, etc.), on his part, on their part, of himself, of themselves, etc.; of one's own accord, without being asked, spontaneously, voluntarily: Gn. Jam haec tibi aderit supplicans Ultro. Thr. Credin'? Gn. Immo certe. Novi ingenium mulierum:

Nolunt, ubi velis: ubi nolis, cupiunt ultro,

Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 42 sq.:

O audaciam! etiam me ultro accusatum advenit?

id. Phorm. 2, 3, 13:

monstrum etiam ultro derisum advenit,

id. Eun. 5, 2, 21:

qui quoniam Erus quod imperavit neglexisti persequi, nunc venis etiam ultro inrisum dominum,

Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 40:

ut homines Galli spem imperii ultro sibi a patriciis hominibus oblatam neglegerent, id non divinitus factum esse putatis?

Cic. Cat. 3, 9, 22: ultro aliquid offerre, id. Planc. 10, 26; cf. Quint. 7, 1, 50:

offerendum ultro rati,

Liv. 1, 17, 8:

offerentibus ultro sese militibus,

id. 27, 46, 3:

cum id, quod antea petenti denegasset, ultro polliceretur,

Caes. B. G. 1, 42: omnia ei ultro pollicitus sum, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 1:

nec mihi quicquam tali tempore in mentem venit optare, quod non ultro mihi Caesar detulerit,

Cic. Fam. 4, 13, 2:

has (tabulas) donavit his ultro,

Quint. 5, 10, 111:

subinvideo tibi, ultro te etiam arcessitum ab eo,

of his own motion, Cic. Fam. 7, 10, 1:

ultroque animam sub fasce dedere,

Verg. G. 4, 204:

quod divom promittere nemo Auderet, volvenda dies, en, attulit ultro,

id. A. 9, 7:

ultro ad terram concidit,

id. ib. 5, 446:

ultro ad me venit,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 73; id. Eun. 1, 1, 2; Pers. 5, 172:

ad aliquem ultro venire,

Cic. Fam. 7, 21; cf. id. Fin. 2, 18, 58:

quod occurrit ultro,

Quint. 7, 1, 59:

interrogantibus libenter respondeat, non interrogantes percontetur ultro,

id. 2, 2, 6: quemadmodum impetum occupemus facere ultro in regem, Att. ap. Non. 355, 11:

cum rex ab Attalo et Rhodiis ultro se bello lacessitum diceret, num Abydeni quoque, inquit, ultro tibi intulerunt arma?

Liv. 31, 18, 2; 21, 1, 3; 1, 17, 8;

2, 13, 2: ne collegae auxilium, quod acciendum ultro fuerit, suā sponte oblatum sperneretur,

id. 10, 19, 1 Weissenb. ad loc.:

Cappadocem illum non modo recipiebat (Asia) suis urbibus, verum etiam ultro vocabat,

Cic. Fl. 18, 61.—So, ultro tributa (and sometimes written as one word, ultrotributa), expenditures made by the State for public works, Varr. L. L. 6, § 11 Müll.; Liv. 39, 44, 2; 43, 16, 2 and 7.— Trop.:

virtus saepius in ultro tributis est,

gives rather than receives, Sen. Ben. 4, 1, 2.

con-cēdo, cessi, cessum, 3, v. n. and a. (a strengthened cedo, and corresp. with it in most of its signiff.); lit., to go, walk; hence,

Neutr., with reference to the terminus a quo, to go or walk away from a place, to depart, retire, withdraw, remove from (in lit. signif. rare but class.).

In gen.:

concedite atque abscedite omnes, de viā decedite,

Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 1; so absol., Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 102; id. Hec. 4, 2, 21; cf.:

ipsae concedite silvae,

farewell, Verg. E. 10, 63.—With prep.:

a foribus,

Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 82:

abs te,

id. Pers. 1, 1, 51:

ab oculis alicujus,

Cic. Cat. 1, 7, 17:

superis ab oris,

Verg. A. 2, 91:

ex aedibus,

Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 57.—With abl. only:

oculis,

Plaut. Ep. 5, 2, 16:

caelo,

Verg. A. 10, 215:

solio,

Sil. 3, 628.—With adv.:

hinc,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 158; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 126; id. Heaut. 3, 3, 11.—

Esp.

Pregn. ( = cedo, II. A. 2.), to pass away, disappear, vanish, in Tac. (with and without vitā), to depart from life, die:

tumor et irae Concessere deūm,

Verg. A. 8, 41:

vitā,

to die, Tac. A. 1, 3; 3, 30; 6, 39; 12, 39; 14, 51; and absol.: quandoque concessero, id. ib. 4, 38; 13, 30;

the same: concessit superis ab oris,

Verg. A. 2, 91; cf.:

vitā per auras concessit ad Manes,

id. ib. 10, 820. —

With dat. or absol., prop. qs. to go out of the way for one (on account of his wishes, or his superior power or excellence), i. e. to yield to, submit, give way to, adapt one's self to.

To yield or submit to power or compulsion:

ut magnitudini medicinae doloris magnitudo concederet,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 29, 63:

certum est, concedere homini nato nemini,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 4, 15:

neque nox quoquam concedit die (i. e. diei),

id. Am. 1, 1, 120 (cf. id. ib. 1, 3, 48): cedant arma togae, concedat laurea linguae, Cic. Poët. Off. 1, 22, 77 (cf. id. Pis. 30, 74, and Quint. 11, 1, 24):

bellum ac tumultum paci atque otio concessurum,

id. Pis. 30, 73:

voluptatem concessuram dignitati,

id. Fin. 3, 1, 1:

injuriae,

Sall. J. 14, 24:

obsidioni,

i. e. permit, Tac. A. 13, 40:

operi meo concedite,

Ov. M. 8, 393; id. F. 1, 222:

naturae,

i. e. to die, Sall. J. 14, 15; so,

fato,

Plin. Pan. 11, 3:

fatis magnis,

Val. Fl. 1, 554:

apparebat aut hostibus aut civibus de victoriā concedendum esse,

Liv. 4, 6, 6; cf. so impers.:

postquam concessum propemodum de victoriā credebant,

id. 3, 60, 4.—

To give place to in excellence, dignity, rank, etc., to yield to, to give precedence:

me amantissimum tui, nemini concedentem,

Cic. Fam. 10, 3, 2; so id. ib. 4, 3, 1;

4, 3, 4: etsi de cupiditate nemini concedam,

id. Att. 12, 47, 2:

sese unis Suebis concedere,

Caes. B. G. 4, 7:

majestati ejus viri concedere,

Liv. 6, 6, 7:

aetati,

Sall. J. 11, 4; id. H. Fragm. 1, 17; cf. so impers.:

Sulla, cujus facundiae, non aetati a Manlio concessum,

id. J. 102, 4:

vigenti Silio,

Tac. A. 3, 43:

seniori Sentio,

id. ib. 2, 74:

ut vix Apronio illi de familiaritate concedere videatur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 44, § 108:

Antario Varoque de gloriā,

Tac. H. 3, 64:

nemini in illa causā studio et cupiditate concedere,

Cic. Deiot. 10, 28:

nec amore in hanc patriam nobis concedunt,

Tac. A. 11, 24:

nec, si muneribus certes, concedat Iollas,

Verg. E. 2, 57.—With acc. of quantity (cf. 3. infra):

magistro tantulum de arte,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 40, 118:

alicui quicquam in desperatione,

id. Att. 14, 18, 3. —

To yield, submit to one's will, comply with one's wishes:

ut tibi concedam, neque tuae libidini advorsabor,

Ter. Hec. 2, 2, 3:

matri meae,

id. ib. 3, 5, 28:

concessit senatus postulationi tuae,

Cic. Mur. 23, 47:

jurisconsultis concedi,

id. Caecin. 24, 67.— Impers.:

Caesar... concedendum non putabat,

Caes. B. G. 1, 7.—

Like sunchôrein tini, to assent to, concede to:

nunquamne hodie concedes mihi Neque intelleges, etc.,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 22 (credes, consenties, Ruhnk.):

stultum me fateor, liceat concedere veris,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 305 (cf. in Gr. sunchôrein têi alêtheiai).—

To assent to, grant, pardon, allow, etc.:

quos (judices) alienis peccatis concessuros putes, quo facilius ipsis peccare liceat,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 96, § 223:

poëtae non ignoscit, nobis concedit,

id. de Or. 3, 51, 198:

dicto concedi,

id. Rosc. Am. 1, 3:

cui (vitio) si concedere nolis,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 140; cf. id. ib. 1, 3, 85.—Hence (cf. cedo, II. A. 3. fin.),

Act., with acc. (and dat.) aliquid alicui.

To grant, concede, allow; to consign something over to, to resign, yield, vouchsafe, confirm to, etc. (very freq. in all perr. and species of composition):

illum mihi aequius est quam me illi quae volo concedere,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 47:

si nunc de tuo jure concessisses paululum,

Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 9:

partem octavam pretii,

Plin. Ep. 8, 2, 3:

date hoc et concedite pudori meo, ut, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 32; cf. Ter. Hec. 2, 2, 16:

alicui primas in dicendo partis,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 15, 49:

amicis quicquid velint,

id. Lael. 11, 38:

neque quicquam illius audaciae,

id. Caecin. 35, 103:

doctrinam alicui,

Quint. 11, 1, 89; cf.:

artes tibi,

Cic. Quint. 30, 93:

intellegentiam, prudentiam,

Quint. 12, 1, 3:

principatum imperii maritimi Atheniensibus,

Nep. Timoth. 2, 2; cf. id. Dion, 6, 3; Suet. Aug. 66; id. Tib. 4; Prop. 2 (3), 15, 37; cf.:

tempus quieti, aut luxuriae,

Sall. J. 61, 3:

tempestivum pueris ludum,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 142:

libertatem his,

Caes. B. G. 4, 15 fin.:

vitam alicui,

Suet. Caes. 68; id. Aug. 13; 16: crimen gratiae, i. e. to accuse or inform against for the sake of favor, Cic. Rosc. Com. 6, 19:

peccata alicui,

to pardon him, id. Verr. 2, 1, 49, § 128:

delicta,

Suet. Ner. 29.— Pass.: Siciliam nimis celeri desperatione rerum concessam, [p. 397] had been ceded, given up, Liv. 21, 1, 5:

Scaevolae concessa est facundiae virtus,

Quint. 12, 3, 9; 10, 1, 100 et saep.:

acrius... Ulcisci, quam nunc concessum est legibus aequis,

Lucr. 5, 1148; cf. Nep. Them. 10 fin.; Suet. Tib. 18.— Poet., with in and acc.:

concessit in iras Ipse... genitor Calydona Dianae,

gave over to be punished, Verg. A. 7, 305.—

With dat. and inf.:

nec nostrā dicere linguā Concedit nobis patrii sermonis egestas,

Lucr. 1, 831; so,

ducere neptem,

Cat. 64, 29:

esse poëtis,

Hor. A. P. 373; Suet. Aug. 44 et saep.— Impers. pass.:

de re publicā nisi per concilium loqui non conceditur,

Caes. B. G. 6, 20 fin.:

quo mihi fortunam, si non conceditur uti,

Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 12; Quint. 12, 1, 37; 12, 1, 42; 8, 6, 76; Suet. Ner. 12:

servis quoque pueros hujus aetatis verberare concedimus,

Curt. 8, 8, 3:

concedunt plangere matri,

Stat. Th. 6, 134:

cum accusare etiam palam concessum sit,

Quint. 6, 3, 28; 2, 17, 27; 11, 3, 150: 8, 3, 30; 12, 3, 8 al.— Poet.:

fatis numquam concessa moveri Camarina,

not allowed. forbidden to be removed, Verg. A. 3, 700; cf.

also personally: haec ubi conceduntur esse facta, for conceditur haec esse facta,

Cic. Caecin. 15, 44.—

With acc. and inf.:

non omnia corpora vocem Mittere concedis,

you grant, Lucr. 2, 835:

oculos falli,

id. 4, 380; Quint. 2, 5, 25:

culpam inesse concedam,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 28, 76:

poëtas legendos oratori futuro,

Quint. 1, 10, 29.— Pass. impers.:

concedatur profecto verum esse, ut, etc.,

Cic. Lael. 14, 50. —

With ut or ne:

nec vero histrionibus oratoribusque concedendum est, ut iis haec apta sint, nobis dissoluta,

Cic. Off. 1, 35, 129:

verum concedo tibi ut ea praetereas, quae, etc.,

id. Rosc. Am. 19, 54:

concedant ut viri boni fuerint,

id. Lael. 5, 18; id. de Or. 1, 13, 57; Lucr. 2, 658:

non concedo, ut sola sint,

Quint. 6, 2, 11 al.: cui concedi potest, ut? etc., Cic. Fragm. ap. Quint. 5, 13, 21:

ut concedatur ne in conspectum veniat,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 48.—

With a simple subj.:

concedo sit dives,

Cat. 114, 5; Ov. A. A. 1, 523. —

Absol.:

beatos esse deos sumpsisti: concedimus,

Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 89; id. Verr. 2, 2, 32, § 78; cf. Quint. 1, 1, 2:

consules neque concedebant neque valde repugnabant,

Cic. Fam. 1, 2, 2; Caes. B. G. 1, 44.—

= condono, to grant or yield something to one as a favor or from regard, to desist from, forbear, give up; forgive, pardon:

inimicitias rei publicae,

to give up for the sake of the State, Cic. Prov. Cons. 18, 44:

petitionem alicui,

from regard to, id. Phil. 2, 2, 4:

peccata liberum parentum misericordiae,

id. Clu. 69, 195:

cum Marcellum senatui reique publicae concessisti,

id. Marcell. 1, 3:

ut concessisti illum (sc. Marcellum) senatui, sic da hunc (sc. Ligarium) populo,

as you have pardoned him in deference to the Senate, id. Lig. 12, 37; cf. Nep. Att. 7 fin.; Tac. A. 2, 55; 4, 31:

Montanus patri concessus est,

id. ib. 16, 33 fin.

Neutr., in respect to the terminus ad quem, to go, walk, betake one's self somewhere, to retire, withdraw to, etc.; with ad, in, or adv.:

tantisper hic ego ad januam concessero,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 5, 6 Wagn.; cf.:

ad Manes,

i. e. to die, Verg. A. 10, 820:

ad victorem,

Tac. H. 2, 51:

ad dexteram,

Ter. And. 4, 4, 12:

caeli distributio docet unde fulmen venerit, quo concesserit,

Cic. Div. 2, 20, 45; so Lucr. 1, 380:

huc,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 19; id. Bacch. 4, 2, 28; id. Trin. 2, 4, 116; Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 122; Caecil. ap. Non. p. 270, 8:

istuc,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 56; Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 39:

vis animae in altum,

Lucr. 4, 919:

in delubrum,

Liv. 30, 20, 6:

in hiberna,

id. 26, 20, 6; cf.:

Carthaginem Novam in hiberna,

id. 21, 15, 3:

Argos habitatum,

Nep. Them. 8, 1:

Cythnum,

Tac. A. 3, 69:

Neapolin,

id. ib. 14, 10:

Patavium,

id. H. 3, 11:

in insulam,

id. ib. 5, 19:

in turbam,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 143:

trans Rhenum,

Tac. H. 5, 23:

concede huc a foribus,

Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 48:

hinc intro,

id. Ps. 1, 5, 158; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 126:

hinc aliquo ab ore eorum,

id. Heaut. 3, 3, 11; cf.:

aliquo ab eorum oculis,

Cic. Cat. 1, 7, 17:

hinc rus,

Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 7.—

Trop.: in aliquid, of entering into an alliance, yielding to, etc., to agree or consent to, to assent, to submit, yield, or resign one's self, to acquiesce in, to go or pass over to any thing (freq. in the histt.):

mulier, conjuncta viro, concessit in unum Conubium,

Lucr. 5, 1010; cf.:

in matrimonium,

Just. 24, 2, 10: victi omnes in gentem nomenque imperantium concessere, were merged in, passed over into, Sall. J. 18, 12; so,

in paucorum potentium jus atque dicionem,

id. C. 20, 7; cf.:

in dicionem,

Liv. 38, 16, 9:

in dominationem,

Sall. H. Fragm. 3, 22 Gerl.:

in deditionem,

Liv. 28, 7, 9; 39, 2, 4; 42, 53, 7:

in Tyrias leges,

Sil. 15, 6:

in condiciones,

Liv. 2, 33, 1:

in sententiam,

id. 32, 23, 12; 32, 36, 8; Tac. A. 1, 79 fin.; cf.: in illos, assent to, yield to them, Cic. Fragm. ap. Aug. contr. Avid. 3, 7:

in partes,

Tac. H. 2, 1.